Member since Oct '10

Working languages:
English to Portuguese

Juliana Mendonca
Technical Translations

United States
Local time: 13:12 CDT (GMT-5)

Native in: Portuguese Native in Portuguese
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English to Portuguese: Soybean Production Basics
General field: Science
Detailed field: Agriculture
Source text - English
National Soybean Research Laboratory
Soybean Production Basics

When is the best time to plant soybeans?

Typically, beans planted during early May have the best yield potential. However, yield depends on several other factors, too. Growing conditions at planting time will influence the success of seed germination and seedling vigor. Just because the calendar says it's time to plant doesn't guarantee that it's the optimum time to plant soybeans. Soybeans need a minimum soil temperature of 55 to 60o Fahrenheit to germinate. Germination rates increase at warmer temperatures. A seed that's in the soil but cannot rapidly germinate and emerge above the soil surface will have a higher chance of exposure to diseases and damping off.

What is the ideal soil for growing soybeans?
Soybean is a hardy plant and well adapted to a variety of soils and soil conditions. Producing the best quality crop and maximum yields will require top quality soil. Thus, soil is one of the first things to consider when planting a crop. A healthy, fertile, workable soil will actually provide seedlings and growing plants with protection from adverse weather including cold, frost, drought, excess water, and protection from pests and diseases.

Ideal soil for optimum soybean production is a loose, well-drained loam. Many fields have tight, high clay soil that becomes waterlogged when it rains. When the soil dries out, a hard crust surface may form which is a barrier to emerging seedlings. These high clay soils are low in humus and may have imbalance in mineral nutrients. Also, these soils may have few beneficial soil organisms (bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, earthworms and others). High clay soils may be amended with peat moss, sphagnum, organic mulch to increase the humus content. Sand may be added to loosen and aerate the soil and allow better drainage.
The advantages of loose, well-aerated soil include (1) movement of air to roots and nitrogen-fixing root nodules, (2) increased water-holding capacity with adequate drainage, (3) reduced erosion, (4) reduced weed populations, (5) maintenance of steady and balanced nutrients to roots and balance pH, and (6) increased potential to protect roots from harmful nematodes, insects pests, and pathogens.

Source: http://www.nsrl.illinois.edu/general/soyprod.html
Translation - Portuguese
Laboratório Nacional de Pesquisa da Soja
Informações básicas sobre a produção de soja

Qual é a melhor época para o plantio da soja?

Geralmente, os grãos plantados durante o início do mês de maio no Hemisferio Norte apresentam potencial de melhores rendimentos. Entretanto, o rendimento também depende de muitos outros fatores. As condições de crescimento na época de plantio influirão no sucesso da germinação da semente e no vigor da plântula. Só porque o calendário indica que é época de plantar não garante que é o momento mais propício para plantar soja. A semente da soja necessita de solo com temperatura entre 13o e 16o Celsius para germinar e as taxas de germinação aumentam a temperaturas mais elevadas. Uma semente que não tenha condições de germinar rapidamente e emergir do solo terá maior probabilidade de ser exposta a doenças e sofrer damping-off (tombamento).

Qual é o solo ideal para o cultivo da soja?
A soja é uma planta resistente que se adapta bem a vários tipos e condições de solo. Para produzir uma safra de boa qualidade com rendimento máximo, será necessário usar solo de qualidade superior. Portanto, o solo é um dos requisitos principais para o plantio da safra. Um solo viável, saudável e fértil oferecerá a plântulas e plantas em crescimento proteção contra intempéries como frio, geada, seca, excesso de água, e também contra pragas e doenças.
O solo ideal para produção mais favorável de soja apresenta terra não compactada e bem drenada. Muitos campos com solo compactado e argiloso se encharcam quando chove. Quando esse tipo de solo seca, forma-se uma superfície endurecida que age como uma barreira para as plântulas emergentes. Esses solos com alto teor de argila contêm baixo teor de húmus, e podem apresentar desequilíbrio de nutrientes minerais além de poucos organismos úteis (bactérias, fungos, algas, protozoários, minhocas e outros). Para aumentar o teor de húmus, os solos argilosos podem ser corrigidos com turfa, esfagno e adubo orgânico. Também é possível adicionar areia para soltar e arejar o solo, o que promove melhor drenagem.
As vantagens de um solo solto e bem arejado incluem: (1) movimento de ar para raízes e nódulos radiculares fixadores de nitrogênio, (2) aumento da capacidade de retenção de água com drenagem adequada, (3) redução de erosão, (4) redução da população de ervas daninhas, (5) manutenção de um nível estável e balanceado de nutrientes para as raízes e pH equilibrado, e (6) aumento do potencial de proteção das raízes contra nematódeos nocivos, pragas entomológicas e patógenos.

Experience Years of experience: 7. Registered at ProZ.com: Aug 2010. Became a member: Oct 2010.
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Bio
- Brazilian native living in the U.S. for 20 years with a deep understanding of both cultures;
- Self motivated, detailed-oriented, disciplined, and organized;
- Proficient in various software applications and CAT tools, and online translation management tools such as Wordbee and Smartling;
- Experience with a wide range of subject areas, such as IT, software, hardware, engineering, marketing, business, human resources, and general sciences;
- Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering by the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil;
- Master's degree in Information Studies by The University of Texas at Austin;
- Certificate in Translation (English > Portuguese) from New York University - Fall 2014
- Member of the American Translators Association
- Member of the Austin Area Translators and Interpreters Association
- Previous work experience as an in-house translator/documentation specialist;
- 8+ years of overall experience;
Keywords: translation, technical translation, Portuguese, English


Profile last updated
Jun 21, 2023



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