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Translation glossary: Chemitry II

Creator:
Laerte da Silva
Laerte da Silva
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smokeless fuela fuel which has been subjected to partial pyrolysis, such that there is no more loose particulate matter remaining. Example: Coke is a smokeless fuel 
英語
solid/solid phasea rigid form of matter which maintains its shape, whatever its container. 
英語
solubilitya measure of the maximum amount of a substance that can be contained in a solvent. 
英語
solublereadily dissolvable in a solvent. 
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SoluteSubstance dissolved in a solution. See also \"solution\", \"solvent\", etc. 
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solutea substance that has dissolved. Example: sodium chloride in water. 
英語
SolutionOne substance being evenly distributed throughout another. See also \"solute\", \"solvent\", etc. 
英語
solutiona mixture of a liquid (the solvent) and at least one other substance of lesser abundance (the solute). Mixtures can be separated by physical means, fo 
英語
Solvation energyChange in energy when a susbstance is dissolved. See also \"solution\", \"solvent\", etc. 
英語
SolventSubstance in which something is dissolved. See also \"solution\", \"solute\", etc. 
英語
solventthe main substance in a solution. 
英語
specific heatThe amount of heat it takes for a substance to be raised one degree C. 
英語
Spin Quantum NumberHas values of +1/2 or -1/2, also called \"up\" and \"down\" or \"alpha\" and \"beta\" spin. Serves to differentiate between two electrons in the same 
英語
Split valence basis setBasis set which uses several wavefunctions to represent different valences. Denoted by a star at the end of name. See also \"basis set\", \"valence\" 
英語
spontaneous reactionA reaction that will proceed without any outside energy. 
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state propertyA state property is a quantity that is independent of how the substance was prepared. Examples of state properties are altitude, pressure, volume, tem 
英語
states of matterSolid, liquid, gas and plasma. Plasma is a \"soup\" of diassociated nuclei and electrons, normally found only in stellar objects. 
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STOSlater Type Orbital: Orbital using Slater renormalization factor to approximate wavefunction. See also \"orbital\", \"wavefunction\" 
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stoichiometryThe study of the relationships between amounts of products and reactants. 
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STPStandard temperature and pressure. This is 0oC and 1 atm. 
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Strong acid/baseAcid or base which dissociates completely in water. Has a low pKa or pKb. Symmetry, Point-Group Symmetry Properties of a molecule describing how it ca 
英語
sublevelOne part of a level, each of which can hold different numbers of electrons. T 
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termEach compound or element in a chemical equation. 
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thermodynamicsThe study of heat and energy flow in chemical reactions. 
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titrationReacting a solution of unknown concentration with a solution of a known concentration for the purpose of finding out more about the unknown solution. 
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Transition statetransition structure Molecule or group of molecules formed during a reaction. Unstable, containing weak bonds and having high energy. Requires energy 
英語
Triple bondThree shared electrons 
英語
Unfilled valenceValence which has no electrons in it. See also "valence" V 
英語
ValenceOne level of an orbital 
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Valence electronsThe outermost electrons in an atom 
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valence electronsThe electrons in the outermost shell of an atom. 
英語
Valence orbitalThe outermost orbital containing electrons in an atom W 
英語
van der Waals equationAn equation for non-ideal gasses that accounts for intermolecular attraction and the volumes occupied by the gas molecules. 
英語
velocitySpeed of an object; the change in position over time. 
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volumeMeasures the size of an object using length measurements in three dimensions. W 
英語
waveA signal which propagates through space, much like a water wave moves through water. 
英語
WavefunctionComplex mathematical representation of a particle, in compchem, probably an electron. 
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wavelengthOn a periodic curve, the length between two consecutive troughs (low points) or peaks (high points). 
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weak acidSubstances capable of donating hydrogen but do not completely ionize in solution. 
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weak basesSubstances capable of accepting hydrogen but do not completely ionize in solution. 
英語
workExpression of the movement of an object against some force. 
英語
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